Tuesday, February 19, 2013

CONTOH KARYA ILMIAH BAHASA INGGRIS TENTANG TEKNOLOGI


CONTOH KARYA ILMIAH BAHASA INGGRIS TENTANG TEKNOLOGI  THE ROLE OF MOBILE PHONE WITH LIFE TEEN WITH DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATIONS

A bright spot that started on a simplicity in human life, has become something useful to facilitate all aspects of life called TECHNOLOGY. A world of information at this time if the technology can not be separated from. Public consumption will technology make the world more and more sophisticated technologies of communication that was once a time-consuming now in its delivery technology to be very close to everything and without distance.

Initially, the technology was created to simplify every human activity. Born of human thought which seeks to facilitate activities which are then applied in life. Now the technology has advanced rapidly expanding and growing along with the times resulting in the transfer of technology functions. For example in one of the advanced facilities at this time we will discuss about the mobile phone that is better known as the mobile phone.

A few years ago, mobile phones owned only by the  who really need it to work smooth. Over time the phone can be had by all. Both are in dire need and a lack of need. For now the phone is equipped with several features that make the phone has some function other than to call or send short messages to each other. Mobile is no longer just a tool for communication. But also as a lifestyle, looks, trends and prestige.

Now the world is the world of mobile phones to communicate, share, create and entertain with sound, text, images, music and video. Besides, the price offered is quite affordable, many mobile phone features are also provided to support the advance of technology. With the development of technology,  Mobile devices increasingly complete start of Game, Mp3, Camera,  Radio, and Internet connection.
Even now emerging new technologies to complement component that is 3G. Where this generation has penetrated into the wireless internet service. This technology has been expanded to permanently access the Web, Interactive Video, the sound quality is very good-quality Audio CD player to the video camera technology that is integrated in the phone seluller.

Among teenagers using cell phones as a tool for multi-function multi-function teens may use positive and negative depending on each individual.
Positive examples of the use of mobile phones by teenagers:
1. Facilitate communication to connect Hospitality (messages and phone).

2. Means of finding information needs (internet).

3. Assist the learning process.

4. Means for entertainment (games, audio, video).

Negative examples of the use of mobile phones by teenagers:

1. As a means to store things that contain obscene.

2. As a means for competing show prestige.

3. The use does not comply with the conditions. For example, when the learning process is underway using a mobile phone for sms's with a girlfriend.

B. Problem Formulation

    What is the definition of a mobile phone?

2. How is the development of a cell phone from time to time?

    What is the role of mobile phones on the lives of teenagers along with the development of technology and communication?

4. What about the fact the attitude of the teenagers who use mobile phones?

5. What is the effect of using mobile phones for life?
6. Any action taken to avoid abuse of teenage mobile phone?

C. Troubleshooting

    Definition handphone.
    The development of mobile phones from time to time
    The role of mobile phones on the lives of teenagers along with the development of technology and communication.
    The fact the attitude of the teenagers who use mobile phones.
    Effect of the use of mobile phone in life.
    Actions taken to avoid abuse of teenage mobile phone.

D. Aims and Objectives

The purpose of the making of this paper is to fulfill academic requirements in SMAN 11 Surabaya.

Purpose of the paper is as follows:

1. To determine the development and use of mobile phones by teenagers.

2. Provide information to students, teachers and the public, especially teenagers about mobile development.

3. Provide information to students, teachers and the public, especially youth on the impact of mobile phone use.

4. Provide an overview to the students, teachers and the public, especially teenagers mangenai influence in the life of the phone.

5. Presents data on adolescents related to mobile phone use.

6. Displays data that can provide input on teen cell phone users.

7. To train students to be able to make a scientific paper well with data that already exist.


CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Definition Mobile

          What is a mobile phone? Handheld or mobile phone is an electronic telecommunications device that has the same basic abilities that conventional fixed line telephone, but can be brought keman everywhere (portable) and need not be connected to the telephone network using a wired (wireless LAN).

The first generation analog cellular systems, namely the AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service). Version of AMPS known as Narrowband Advanced Mobile Phone Service (NAMPS) that incorporates digital technology, so that the system can be used to carry three times as much capacity on each call version. In 1981 appeared NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone System). In 1982 came the GSM (Global System For Mobile Communination).

In 1990 North America joined together to form a network standardization standardization IS-54B which is the first time using a dual mode cellular based spread spectrum technique to increase the capacity of the so-called IS-95. By using AMPS protocol as the default, but have the workings of the SEC. Normal cellular analaog different and more sophisticated than the IS-54.

At first mentioned that the system uses technology Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is a digital will increase capacity by 10 to 20 times the cellular system. Although the concept this is how a system based on CDMA transmission method of choice for installation of new installations above-CDMA system. Indonesia has two wireless phone networks, namely GSM and CDMA but now there is a new generation mobile era is the era of the 3rd generation (3G). Where this generation has penetrated to the wireless internet service.

B. Development of Mobile Of The All Time

History of Mobile

Mobile today is not a luxury item and strange to the people of Indonesia. Mobile industry, moving very fast, on par with the speed of sound boom. A growing number of assistive technologies integrated with mobile products, such as FM radios, digital cameras and MP3 players. Not to mention the size of the cell phones that are competing to become smaller and interesting.

Operator selection and range operator becomes a more and more market, also pamper customers. Mobile is no longer just a tool for communication. But also as a lifestyle, looks, trends and prestige. Now the world is the world of mobile phones to communicate, share, create, and entertaining both with voice, text, pictures, music and video.

Mobile phone technology was first introduced on April 3, 1973. Mobile telephone business community as a day to remember the birth of the mobile phone. When was the first time long-distance conversation with mobile phone portable devices do. The first to try was Martin Cooper, General Manager of Motorola's Communications Systems Division. The idea that the phone came from Cooper dreamed of making a flexible communication tool. He wants to get out of the limitations of fixed telephone (landline). Mobile Mr. Cooper weighs almost 1 kg with height 33 cm. As a new technology, mobile phones are not sold directly to the public. It took 10 years to move telephone service is available commercially.

Precisely in 1983, when Motorola introduced the DynaTAC 8000X. This is the first phone that received permission from the Federal Communications Commission) FCC and can be used for commercial purposes. FCC is the U.S. government agency that regulates all the regulations regarding broadcasting (broadcasting) and dispatch radio or television signals over the airwaves. Mobile is available on the market in April 1983. Weighing approximately 16 ounces or 1/5 kg. Sold at a price of 3500 U.S. dollars, or approximately USD $ 30 million-an.


Moving Telefon History

Mobile phone technology, first appeared in 1946. This service is only a capacity of 6 channel sound, which means that at one time could only handle six calls simultaneously. A year later, some scientists at the research center telecommunications companies began to glance at the development of the mobile phone into a portable phone. The goal is to increase the capacity of the mobile phone service, so that it can accommodate more than 6 talks at the same time. In theory, this technology is allowed to be developed. The trick is to setup the service area (range of services) into small cells. The use of the frequency can be the same, but done by different cells. When applied, can increase traffic impact talks on a mobile phone significantly.

In 1947, the U.S. telecommunications company AT & T proposed that the FCC allocate frequencies over a wide spectrum. It means that the area is becoming increasingly widespread distribution services. With the increasingly wide area expected to further enlarge the market of mobile phone users. However, this proposal was not taken seriously by the FCC. The number of frequencies that are allowed remain constrained, only 23 conversations at the same time in a service area. A number that is felt in the corporate world is not quite promising to invest seriously.

New in 1968, the FCC allow an increase in frequency allocation. Then AT & T and Bell Labs filed a competing cellular system as a new concept mobile phone system. The new system relies on a low-power transmitter to service in a small area the size of a few km away. This is the forerunner of a technology called "cell" or "cellular". A collection of small cells, when combined will form a broad service area. Each transmitter tower will only use a fraction of the total frequencies allocated.

In 1977 AT & T and Bell Labs created a prototype cellular system. A year later piloted in general in Chicago. More than 2000 customers also tried this new system. Later in 1981, Motorola and American Radio Telephone also initiate cellular communication system based on the Washington / Baltimore. FCC just one year later gave permission commercialization telephone service


moves. That spurred other communication companies to develop mobile technologies. In 1983 the company Ameritech emerging one standard cellular communication systems.

This technology is known as AMPS (Anvanced Mobile Phone Service). This service is the first commercial analog cellular systems which are the basis of digital technologies (TDMA, and CDMA). The development of mobile phone technology is not just happening in the United States alone. Japan in 1979 launched a mobile phone service with the PCS-based communication systems. Europeans do not want to miss this GSM.Teknologi by developing technology used in 1970 beginning with the use of microprocessors for communication technology. In 1971, the first mobile phone network opened in Finland called ARP. Following NMT in Scandinavia in 1981 and AMPS in 1983. The use of analogue technology of the first generation caused a lot of limitations that held such little traffic capacity, the number of customers that can be accommodated in one little cell and a wasteful use of the frequency spectrum.

On the other hand, the increasing number of customers can not be accommodated first generation. Furthermore, the technology can only serve 1G voice communications, unlike 2G can be used for SMS. Or NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone is the analog mobile phone network was first used internationally in Northern Europe. This network operates on the 450 MHz frequency so often referred to NMT-450, there is also the NMT-900 that operates at a frequency of 900MHz. Given the demands of the market and the need for better quality, technology born second generation, or 2G. This generation is already using digital technology. Another 2G IS-95 CDMA, IS-136 TDMA and PDC.

The second generation not only used for voice communication, SMS, and also be able to transfer data at a maximum speed of 9,600 bps (bits per second). For comparison, the widely used modem for Internet connection speed 56,000 bps (5.6 kbps). Excess 2G than 1G in addition to better service, in terms of capacity is also greater. Due to the 2G, the frequency can be used multiple customers using a mechanism Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA).
2G technology standards are the most widely used today is GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), as used most mobile phones today. GSM operates in the 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz. GSM also supports high-speed data communications 14, 4 kbps.

Below is a phone that is simple, good features and shape:

Here below we present some of the latest mobile phone picture:

Mobile touch screen mobile phones are placed in the palm of your hand

Mobile models of watches  Here are 10 images handphoe sophisticated we get:

1. Nokia 888 Communicator  Mobile with a futuristic concept which uses liquid batteries (liquid).
Aeon 2.Nokia
Mobile phone with a slim size
3.Sky "sleak & Slim"
Mobile which is produced by SKY has a touchpad that glows and the "hidden-key"
4.Benq-Siemens "Snaked"
Model "reptile" that was designed specifically for the hobby of women exercising with technology that is easy to follow the shape of the human body.
5.Retroxis by Dark Label
6.Benq-Siemens "The Black Box"
7.NEC Tag
It has a concept similar to "the snaked"
8.TripleWatch

Aura 9.Asus
From the above data we can know how the technological developments that are on the phone so amazing. From simple shapes to be created form of a snake or a watch that makes a person carrying the phone. And now there is a touch screen without the need to press the button, the camera has a pixel number showing the better quality. Now if we want to make the video does not have to use special tools to record, even now there are mobile phones that can be used for recording. And we can listen to our favorite music just need to bring a cell phone with music facilitated.

Indeed we are getting spoiled with existing technologies, including mobile phones. And the more variety also means utilizing increasingly sophisticated facilities.


C. Role Of Mobile Phones Along With Life Youth Development and Communications Technology?


Advances in technology today can not be separated from public life. Various information occurring in different parts of the world, can now be directly we know thanks to advances in technology (globalization). If the first we know the saying goes "the world is not as wide as the leaves of Moringa", is now saying it should change the current world wide moringa leaves, due to the rapid access to information in different parts of the world to make this world as more and more narrow because we can see what is going on in America for example , even though we were in Indonesia.

Of course this led to technological advances such great changes in the life of mankind in all civilizations and cultures. Especially for teenagers. This change has an impact so great that the transformation of values
​​in society. Especially people with oriental culture and customs, such as Indonesia.

Currently in Indonesia so we can see the effects of technological progress on the cultural values
​​that embrace the community, both urban and rural communities (modernization). Advances in technology such as television, telephone and mobile phone (HP), even the internet not just hit the city, but also can be enjoyed by people in remote corners of the village. As a result, all the valuable information both positive and negative, can be easily accessed by teenagers. And on admit it or not, it slowly began to change the lifestyle and thought patterns, especially young people in the countryside with all the image that characterizes them.

The impact of positive and negative impact on people's lives, especially the youth of the postscript was always interested in trying new things, being from the psychological aspect, their mental state is the most vulnerable age influences coming from outside.

Today we can see how advances in technology have affected the lifestyle and mindset of youth. They interact with technology such as televisions, mobile phones, or the Internet. And also in effect, they are  The most vulnerable to the effects / negative impact of these technologies. When first we see the students go to school with just textbooks or stationery, now we can see the students go to school with their mobile phones as the default mandatory. Whether they actually really need the mobile phone as a communication tool or not, that is clear to teens means mobile is an absolute slang they have. The better the mobile phone they have, the feeling well, and believe they are left alone (even though they may not know how to use the advanced features they had on their mobile phone).

From where the teenagers obtained the mobile phone? Can be sure, they get it from their parents, respectively. And generally, the parents feel proud to meet all the needs and demands of their children without regard to the impact that will result from what their parents give to children. That is an expression of love parents who may lack proper mode of delivery. By giving their children the latest mobile phones, for example, they feel they have succeeded as parents, without them consider, will be used for what the mobile phone by their children?

Provide communication tools such as mobile phones to children, is not really the wrong thing, because with the mobile phone, parents may wish communication with the child more easily and smoothly, but, it is a boomerang when it turns out the phone is misused by children for things negative as store photos or videos porn and also used as a tool facilitating communication with the opposite sex for the things that are less useful as dating, so the phone had a negative impact on children, especially teenagers like the promiscuity, sex outside marriage and declining academic achievement can occur even children take money or valuables owned by his father without permission just to buy credits.

Therefore, parents should really consider carefully all the impacts that will arise before deciding to give the mobile phone or other objects if only negatively impact the development of the child who has entered the stage of adolescence. When deciding to give mobile phones to children, would that parents also supervise and direct the children so that children are not out of control in the use of mobile phones. Nothing wrong with any time we checked mobile children to know the contents therein to the child asking permission first. Because by asking permission, the child will feel appreciated and it gives a great influence on his personal and also formed a positive impression on them about our personal as parents.

When we find there may be child porn on cell phone, do not be judgmental and punishing like a cop, but it would be helpful to ask the boy where he got the video and why he kept it. Whatever the answer to the child, parents should not be judgmental and blame the child, let alone scolded child and apply light hand. However, we encourage children to discuss / share about it, what it's useful and what is its impact on children, and do not forget, when discussing, we also need to listen to children and provide appropriate guidance. For whatever reason, the violence does not solve the problem, once we apply rough hands let alone play against our children, we have actually incised wounds his heart, which at any time until the wound will never heal and will continue to imprint on his soul.

As parents, should understand the mental state of children, especially in the adolescent age children. At this time the child has started looking for who he was, trying to find a group or friends who are willing to acknowledge and appreciate his abilities and has started to have an interest in the opposite sex. Adolescence is a time of soul-searching, and could have been in the process of finding the teenager's identity through the right path or the wrong path.

In essence, the advancement of technology and its influence in life is something we can not avoid. However, we can make a wise move for ourselves, families and the public to the tremendous technological progress is not to shift our identity as human beings with the norms and values
​​of a noble character. However, as a member of society, and especially as parents, we must perform a representative and preventive action, to the maximum extent possible to  prevent the negative effects of technology on children especially the teenagers who are the golden generation that will be the successor of our struggle to form a moral and civilized nation in the future.

To get the data that supports this paper we make a list of questions about the phone are arranged in the questionnaire below and we distribute to the students of SMAN 11 Surabaya accompanied results.

CHAPTER III
CLOSING


A. CONCLUSION

From the discussion, it can be concluded that:

1. One technology that is currently the trend and populist telsh for the Indonesian people is a mobile phone to various communities. Mobile is now a staple of Indonesian society. Besides, the price offered is quite affordable, many mobile phone features are also provided to support the advance of technology.

2. Mobile is no longer just a tool for communication, but also as a lifestyle, looks, trends and prestige.

3. The development of technologies that are on the phone so amazing cause enormous changes in human life with all its civilization and culture, especially the young.

4. Mobile tantalizing us with a variety of technologically implemented. And the more variety also means increasingly sophisticated use of the facilities.

5. How to buy a mobile phone with a parent is way less as an expression of love to spoil the child knows.

6. Often the phone turned akativitas a student should learn as a key task.

7. Mobile Function is not used as it should be but instead misused by various parties.

8. And many negative side caused by the phone.

B. ADVICE

1. Advanced facilities that have been provided in a mobile phone is supposed to be used appropriately and properly.

2. As a teenager should prioritize learning.

3. As more people should consider everything to be given to the child by looking at the effect on the development of children, especially teenagers.

4. The use of cell phones that are too long can lead to negative things, then you should teens who often use cell phones to call reduces the intensity and use as needed., something bright spot that began in the simplicity of human life, has become something useful to facilitate all aspects of life called TECHNOLOGY. A world of information at this time if the technology can not be separated from. Public consumption will technology make the world more and more sophisticated technologies of communication that was once a time-consuming now in its delivery technology to be very close to everything and without distance.

Initially, the technology was created to simplify every human activity. Born of human thought which seeks to facilitate activities which are then applied in life. Now the technology has advanced rapidly expanding and growing along with the times resulting in the transfer of technology functions. For example in one of the advanced facilities at this time we will discuss about the mobile phone that is better known as the mobile phone.

A few years ago, mobile phones owned only by the  who really need it to work smooth. Over time the phone can be had by all. Both are in dire need and a lack of need. For now the phone is equipped with several features that make the phone has some function other than to call or send short messages to each other. Mobile is no longer just a tool for communication. But also as a lifestyle, looks, trends and prestige.

Now the world is the world of mobile phones to communicate, share, create and entertain with sound, text, images, music and video. Besides, the price offered is quite affordable, many mobile phone features are also provided to support the advance of technology. With the development of technology,

Mobile devices increasingly complete start of Game, Mp3, Camera,

Radio, and Internet connection.

Even now emerging new technologies to complement component that is 3G. Where this generation has penetrated into the wireless internet service. This technology has been expanded to permanently access the Web, Interactive Video, the sound quality is very good-quality Audio CD player to the video camera technology that is integrated in the phone seluller.

Among teenagers using cell phones as a tool for multi-function multi-function teens may use positive and negative depending on each individual.

Positive examples of the use of mobile phones by teenagers:

1. Facilitate communication to connect Hospitality (messages and phone).

2. Means of finding information needs (internet).

3. Assist the learning process.

4. Means for entertainment (games, audio, video).

Negative examples of the use of mobile phones by teenagers:

1. As a means to store things that contain obscene.

2. As a means for competing show prestige.

3. The use does not comply with the conditions. For example, when the learning process is underway using a mobile phone for sms's with a girlfriend.

B. Problem Formulation

    What is the definition of a mobile phone?

2. How is the development of a cell phone from time to time?

    What is the role of mobile phones on the lives of teenagers along with the development of technology and communication?

4. What about the fact the attitude of the teenagers who use mobile phones?

5. What is the effect of using mobile phones for life?

2

6. Any action taken to avoid abuse of teenage mobile phone?

C. Troubleshooting

    Definition handphone.
    The development of mobile phones from time to time
    The role of mobile phones on the lives of teenagers along with the development of technology and communication.
    The fact the attitude of the teenagers who use mobile phones.
    Effect of the use of mobile phone in life.
    Actions taken to avoid abuse of teenage mobile phone.

D. Aims and Objectives

The purpose of the making of this paper is to fulfill academic requirements in SMAN 11 Surabaya.

Purpose of the paper is as follows:

1. To determine the development and use of mobile phones by teenagers.

2. Provide information to students, teachers and the public, especially teenagers about mobile development.

3. Provide information to students, teachers and the public, especially youth on the impact of mobile phone use.

4. Provide an overview to the students, teachers and the public, especially teenagers about influence in the life of the phone.

5. Presents data on adolescents related to mobile phone use.

6. Displays data that can provide input on teen cell phone users.

7. To train students to be able to make a scientific paper well with data that already exist.



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